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Passed in the 106th Congress, Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999 requires financial institutions to provide to their customers notice of their policies for the protection of individually identifiable personal information, as well as opportunity to opt out of most disclosures of such information to third parties. Regulations were promulgated pursuant to the Act and implemented on November 30, 2000. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is authorized to enforce this privacy protection provision.
The Commission interprets "financial institution" to include businesses "significantly engaged in financial activities" of the nature described in the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (12 U.S.C. 1843(k)) as well as other activities designated and to be designated by the Federal Reserve Board. This broad definition includes such activities as:
Leasing real or personal property or advising in such leasing; Debt collecting; Financial advisory activities, including management consulting and counseling activities; and Tax planning, preparation and advising.
Law firms and sole practitioners "significantly engaged in financial activities" are considered financial institutions by the FTC and are subject to the requirements of the Act.
While institutional or corporate clients are not considered "consumers" under the Act, service to such clients may be counted to determine the level of financial activity a law firm or division within a firm is engaged in and whether notice to persons who are clients is required.
The American Bar Association opposed the imposition of these rules on lawyers on the following grounds: Attorneys are already bound both by an ethical duty of confidentiality and by contractual agreements that prevent such use of their client’s information.
Enforcement of these rules would infringe upon the attorney-client relationship and could potentially destroy attorney-client privilege in certain circumstances.
These rules would impose an undue burden upon small firms and sole practitioners. State regulation of the legal profession provides a higher degree of privacy protection than is afforded by this Act.
Congress’s intent in passing this Act is clear. This Act is to prevent the indiscriminate use of personally identifiable information for marketing, profiling and other commercial purposes. The ABA said that the practice of law should be exempted from these requirements. The Court said it agreed with the ABA.
We are creatures of habit, and thus our habits define who we are. "Good habits are hard to develop but easy to live with. Bad habits are easy to develop but hard to live with," said one of the wealthiest men in America, Nido Qubein, speaking before an audience of consultants gathered at the Institute of Management Consultants conference in Nashville.
Qubein is also chairman of a bank, principle shareholder of Great Harvest Bread Company and has written 20 books. Click here to read more. He listed 12 habits that will make you excellent as a professional, as well as bring you tons of business.
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